After studying a bit of psychology, I've noticed a recurring trend in the structure of various models across many sub-disciplines (of course excluding behaviorism), something which I like to call the "cognitive data bank": internally stored information. I believe it's such a common thing because of the intuitive sense (and thus utility) of conceiving of people as carrying information inside their minds, whether conscious or unconscious, for the means of explaining behavior, experiences etc.
 
I believe knowing about the cognitive data bank will make it easier to understand similar aspects of slightly different psychological theories. When learning a new theory, you might start to have the experience of "aha! – that's a cognitive data bank!" Here I will give a couple of examples of what I think are direct representations of (or deeply related to) the concept of the cognitive data bank (obviously starting with the concept of memory):
 
1 Cognitive science
1.1. Memory
1.1.1 Short-term memory

 
1.1.2 Long-term memory

 
1.2 Cognitive schemas (Beck)

 
2 Psychodynamic theory (Freud etc.)
 
2.1 The Unconscious

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychodynamics
 
2.2 Object relations (Klein etc.)

https://www.simplypsychology.org/Melanie-Klein.html
 
3. Attachment theory (Bowlby etc.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_theory
 
3.1 Internal working model

 
 
4. Coping strategies
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coping
 
4.1 Appraisal theory (Lazarus)

 
4.2 Religious coping (Pargament)

 
The examples under point 4. are less obvious, but hopefully you'll still be able to spot the part of the model where the internally stored information occurs. Anyways, that's it (maybe I'll add more over time). Hope you found it interesting