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MBTI does not mention the cognitive functions anywhere. The function stack is from typology. All of these are different (yet interrelated) things - Carl Jung’s cognitive functions, typology, MBTI. “In his 1913 classic, Psychological Types, Carl Jung propounded the basic theoretical framework for what is now the most popular personality system in the world. Although Jung spoke generally of introverts and extraverts, he eventually delineated eight psychological functions (Ni, Ne, Si, Se, Ti, Te, Fi, Fe) as a more accurate means of understanding the types. More specifically, he focused on identifying an individual’s dominant function, as well as, to a lesser extent, the auxiliary function. Because Jung never developed a standardized personality assessment tool, his ideas were slow to catch on among the general public. It was not until Isabel Myers and her mother, Katherine Briggs, entered the scene that Jung’s theory began its ascendance toward widespread recognition. Myers and Briggs developed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®, or what is commonly known as the MBTI®, as a way of applying and popularizing Jung’s ideas. While Jung spoke mostly in terms of a type’s preferred functions (e.g. Ni, Se), Myers and Briggs introduced and emphasized the notion of preferences (i.e., E, I, S, N, T, F, J, P). Although still rooted in Jung’s theory, Myers and Briggs likely saw the preferences as more amenable to objective assessment than Jung’s multi-dimensional functions. Despite the different emphases of a preference versus function-based approach, these two approaches can and arguably should be used in tandem. In many respects, Myers and Briggs were correct in seeing the preference-based approach as more user-friendly, since it is more easily comprehended and requires less background knowledge. However, individuals seeking a deeper understanding of themselves and their personality type must eventually dive into the functions. More recent advances in type theory have highlighted the importance of understanding the less conscious functions, particularly the inferior function, which we will soon discuss. This can be seen in Marie-Louise Von Franz’s exploration of the inferior function in Jung’s Typology (1971), as well as in Naomi Quenk’s 1993 book, Beside Ourselves, later renamed “Was That Really Me? ” For the last decade or so, Elaine Schallock and I have continued to refine and advance type theory, including intensive explorations of the preferences, functions, inferior function, function pairs, and functional stack. All of these elements will be enumerated in this book, providing you with the most up-to-date information for accurately identifying and understanding your personality type.”

No, that is what Myers and Briggs did. Carl Jung just discovered the concepts of 8 cognitive functions Ni/Ne, Ti/Te, Si/Se, and Fi/Fe. Myers Brings use different kind of “labeling” even, F vs T, I vs E, N vs S, it completely redefined Carl Jung’s work and created all these categories, INTP, INFP, etc. MBTI doesn’t even mention the cognitive functions. Before we go here, can we first make sure you understand the difference between MBTI and cognitive functions? That is grade 9 stuff ?

@something_else guys I specifically asked not to talk about MBTI, MBTI and cognitive functions are different things

Cognitive functions, thinking/feeling, intuition/sensing are concepts. Big 5 did not discover the concepts of “openness”, “extraversion”, etc (interestingly, it was actually Carl Jung who discovered the concept of extroversion). The only thing it did is discover correlations between some words and then group them according to that. The number of groups could also have been different, it’s customizable and uses judgement of whoever is performing the experiment. Yea, I suggest taking some stats course to understand all these terms before using them. The kind of stats that is used for behavioural sciences is very basic too, but the course will give you an idea of how statistical experiments are set up.

This also doesn’t make any sense, it’s like saying Bromine or gravity weren’t discovered using a “structured empirical methodology” so they must be baloney

That is not what a binomial probability distribution is measuring - it’s a discrete distribution and it’s measuring the number of successes x in n number of trials (or a proportion of successes p in n number of trials).

I think cognitive functions can be super useful in therapy. For example, there are 4 different ways to perceive/take in information. If the therapist has that knowledge about you (i.e, what is your preferred way to take in information), they could tailor their practice accordingly. Or, for example, I, as a therapist, could only take in clients who are Ni as my practice will correspond best with someone who is an Ni user. There is a reason why certain therapeutic practices work well with some and not the other.

What are you approximating here by the Normal distribution? What are your variables?

Carl Jung was the one who discovered cognitive functions. Then Myers and Briggs decided to use these functions in a more practical way and created the 16 personality types and the test. Even though they worked off Carl Jung’s work, MBTI is quite different from the original theory. Cognitive functions focus on two areas only - perceiving information and making decisions. While these two variables cannot 100% describe someone’s “personality”, psychology and social sciences are not and will never be exact science. Also, I don’t think you understand statistics and probability theory, it doesn’t make sense what you’re saying.

I know that factor analysis sounds fancy but this is just basic stats ?. I don’t see how big 5 is useful as well. I don’t see why they can’t make a similar study on cognitive functions. I think cognitive functions are just harder to understand and there aren’t enough resources.

Could you elaborate on this? What would be some of the potential issues?

I have better things to do than explain to someone on the internet why 2+2=4.

Go live in Russia.

Of course there are crimes everywhere in the world. Read the abusive husband analogy again. Also, whatever crimes there are in US, multiply it by 10 and you’ve got Russia. Plus you don’t need to listen to anything Russia says directly, you’ve got Candace Owens, Trumps and the likes, doing the work on the other side of the world for it

I hope you’re aware that this is exactly a part of Putin’s propaganda campaign, to diverge attention from Russia and all the war crimes it’s committing and being the aggressor, to the US or NATO being hypocratics and aggressors. And it’s working really well. While Russian soldiers are raping children, women, seniors, torturing and murdering civilians, even stealing used underwear and washing machines, the world is saying “but NATO”.. It’s kinda like when an abusive husband beats up his wife every night, and then says, to whoever calls it out, hey I saw you yelling at your wife too, that’s just what marriages are like, why do even you care so much about ME beating up my wife, what about all the other wives being beat up?

That is highly debatable. There was no need for you to say things like “Ukraine’s 5 minutes of fame is ending”, it’s like saying that Jews got their 5 minutes of fame during the Holocaust. Anyways, I don’t think this post really was about you leaving, if so, I recommend that you finally do leave. All the best. I do agree with @Yarco, I don’t see why these goodbye posts are allowed.

Oh come on.. First of all, how many chicks really are that hot? Second of all, how many wealthy well-off men do you know who would be willing to take care of these chicks financially for the rest of the chicks life? Let’s say 10% of all the clicks are really hot and slide by life solely on their looks. What about the remaining 90%? How do you think they survive? Or are they not considered women?

Yea, I think people still don’t realize how long the oppression of women lasted. It’s been less than a century that things started taking turns. Most religions, for example, till this day not allow women to hold places of power.

Seriously you need to stop making these simplifications, they were actively mocking Ukraine’s war situation. That is why you see people responding in such a way, nothing at all to do with their nationality.

Really? Because it looks like you’re the one aching to get a final stab here haha

That’s a very simplistic way to look at it. It’s not because they are Russian, but because of the degrading comments they’ve been writing about Ukraine

Lol, if sports culture is absolutely ridiculous, then so is music, art, movies, books, computer games, science, math, etc. We should all just sit on a chair and stare at a wall all day because doing anything is stupid.

@Danioover9000 yeah, definitely would never enter a bathroom/changing room that has a camera inside My point was, I understand that transgender females would also not be comfortable in a male bathroom, that is why I think a third type of bathroom makes for an easy solution. For sports, I think it’s too hard to quantify the difference between men/women, it’s not just testosterone… women have wider hips, lower height, more fat, narrower shoulders, breasts, menstruate for 3-7 days a month… Honestly periods alone are a big obstacle for sports, periods are more often than not accompanied by severe cramps, fatigue, migraines, sore breasts, fever, menstrual cycles with all kinds of hormonal ups and downs.. many women have to take painkillers/stay in bed during their period.. even if a trans woman transitions and has the surgery before puberty (idk if there are actual cases of that) there will still be these differences/advantages in sport for them. Of course I do understand that transgender women want to compete as well, but it would, generally, be unfair to the other women. While you can quantify differences between women, height/weight/muscle %, I do not think you can compare biological women vs. biological men that easily.

What’s stopping them is the illegality of it (I assume in most places around the world) or at least “social etiquette”, if it becomes legal/accepted and a male can be in a female bathroom, there is nothing you can do to get him out of there. The bathroom and change room are more of a target than other places for obvious reasons.

@Husseinisdoingfine I remember reading that empaths make less than 20% of the population. People who are highly empathetic and sensitive often feel like there is something wrong with them, because they don’t meet many people like them. I suggest reading some books on highly sensitive people and embracing your sensitivity, as it is indeed a rare gift.