Nak Khid

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  1. ___________________Relationship between Solipsism and Hallucination
  2. _______________Dualism and Solipsism - Philosophy of Mind I
  3. Solipsism History Gorgias Solipsism was first recorded by the Greek presocratic sophist, Gorgias (c. 483–375 BC) who is quoted by the Roman sceptic Sextus Empiricus as having stated: Nothing exists. Even if something exists, nothing can be known about it. Even if something could be known about it, knowledge about it can't be communicated to others. Much of the point of the Sophists was to show that "objective" knowledge was a literal impossibility. (See also comments credited to Protagoras of Abdera). Descartes The foundations of solipsism are in turn the foundations of the view that the individual's understanding of any and all psychological concepts (thinking, willing, perceiving, etc.) is accomplished by making an analogy with his or her own mental states; i.e., by abstraction from inner experience. And this view, or some variant of it, has been influential in philosophy since Descartes elevated the search for incontrovertible certainty to the status of the primary goal of epistemology, whilst also elevating epistemology to "first philosophy".[citation needed] Berkeley Portrait of George Berkeley by John Smybert, 1727 George Berkeley's arguments against materialism in favour of idealism provide the solipsist with a number of arguments not found in Descartes. While Descartes defends ontological dualism, thus accepting the existence of a material world (res extensa) as well as immaterial minds (res cogitans) and God, Berkeley denies the existence of matter but not minds, of which God is one Hinduism The earliest reference to Solipsism is found in Hindu philosophy in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, dated to early 1st millennium BCE. The Upanishad holds the mind to be the only god and all actions in the universe are thought to be a result of the mind assuming infinite forms.[21] After the development of distinct schools of Indian philosophy, Advaita Vedanta and Samkhya schools are thought to have originated concepts similar to solipsism.[citation needed] Advaita Vedanta Advaita is one of the six most known Hindu philosophical systems and literally means "non-duality". Its first great consolidator was Adi Shankaracharya, who continued the work of some of the Upanishadic teachers, and that of his teacher's teacher Gaudapada. By using various arguments, such as the analysis of the three states of experience—wakefulness, dream, and deep sleep, he established the singular reality of Brahman, in which Brahman, the universe and the Atman or the Self, were one and the same. One who sees everything as nothing but the Self, and the Self in everything one sees such a seer withdraws from nothing. For the enlightened all that exists is nothing but the Self so how could any suffering or delusion continue for those who know this oneness? — Ishopanishad: sloka 6, 7 The concept of the Self in the philosophy of Advaita could be interpreted as solipsism. However, the transhuman, theological implications of the Self in Advaita protect it from true solipsism as found in the west. Similarly, the Vedantic text Yogavasistha, escapes charge of solipsism because the real "I" is thought to be nothing but the absolute whole looked at through a particular unique point of interest. Advaita is also thought to strongly diverge from solipsism in that, the former is a system of exploration of one's mind in order to finally understand the nature of the self and attain complete knowledge. The unity of existence is said to be directly experienced and understood at the end as a part of complete knowledge. On the other hand, solipsism posits the non-existence of the external world right at the beginning, and says that no further inquiry is possible. Samkhya and Yoga Samkhya philosophy, which is sometimes seen as the basis of Yogic thought,[23] adopts a view that matter exists independently of individual minds. Representation of an object in an individual mind is held to be a mental approximation of the object in the external world.[24] Therefore, Samkhya chooses representational realism over epistemological solipsism. Having established this distinction between the external world and the mind, Samkhya posits the existence of two metaphysical realities Prakriti (matter) and Purusha (consciousness). Buddhism Some interpretations of Buddhism assert that external reality is an illusion, and sometimes this position is [mis]understood as metaphysical solipsism. Buddhist philosophy, though, generally holds that the mind and external phenomena are both equally transient, and that they arise from each other. The mind cannot exist without external phenomena, nor can external phenomena exist without the mind. This relation is known as "dependent arising" (pratityasamutpada). The Buddha stated, "Within this fathom long body is the world, the origin of the world, the cessation of the world and the path leading to the cessation of the world".[25] Whilst not rejecting the occurrence of external phenomena, the Buddha focused on the illusion created within the mind of the perceiver by the process of ascribing permanence to impermanent phenomena, satisfaction to unsatisfying experiences, and a sense of reality to things that were effectively insubstantial. Mahayana Buddhism also challenges the illusion of the idea that one can experience an 'objective' reality independent of individual perceiving minds. From the standpoint of Prasangika (a branch of Madhyamaka thought), external objects do exist, but are devoid of any type of inherent identity: "Just as objects of mind do not exist [inherently], mind also does not exist [inherently]".[26] In other words, even though a chair may physically exist, individuals can only experience it through the medium of their own mind, each with their own literal point of view. Therefore, an independent, purely 'objective' reality could never be experienced. The Yogacara (sometimes translated as "Mind only") school of Buddhist philosophy contends that all human experience is constructed by mind. Some later representatives of one Yogacara subschool (Prajnakaragupta, Ratnakīrti) propounded a form of idealism that has been interpreted as solipsism. A view of this sort is contained in the 11th-century treatise of Ratnakirti, "Refutation of the existence of other minds" (Santanantara dusana), which provides a philosophical refutation of external mind-streams from the Buddhist standpoint of ultimate truth (as distinct from the perspective of everyday reality).[27] In addition to this, the Bardo Thodol, Tibet's famous book of the dead, repeatedly states that all of reality is a figment of one's perception, although this occurs within the "Bardo" realm (post-mortem). For instance, within the sixth part of the section titled "The Root Verses of the Six Bardos", there appears the following line: "May I recognize whatever appeareth as being mine own thought-forms";[28] there are many lines in similar ideal.
  4. you have to leave your comfort zone or you won't get anywhere and as a byproduct it would be exciting to watch it documented on video
  5. Just go with finite love so you don't OD
  6. But to some far off locutions where the trip there is part of the experience on video, like to Nepal or somewhere
  7. what he could also do is take a trip to visit various spiritual teachers in different places and put it on video But he also may be expecting to have a psychedelic breakthrough that will be permanent instead of doing that
  8. He could do it for a temporary period of time which they allow However it could be a problem to come back to his business and they probably would not allow him to attend to it at the same time. So to maintain it it would either have to be something that could be put on hold and he would have to put his trust in other's hands or let it die down and then try to bring it back later. But, correct me if I am wrong, Leo does not trust teachers, does not like the Buddhist type of mediation in Burma and they would not allow psychedelics. So there are many reasons he would not do it in my estimation
  9. This video has a lot more detail into the scientific meaning of meaning E = Mc2 and in the details you can relate (if you want to ) spiritual meanings
  10. You are a tiny part of God, a sacred particle
  11. @Hypnofrik 1) how effective is it to use hypnosis to influence someone to feel happy ? 2) should happiness be conditional? Suppose someone says "I won't be happen until I have 100k in my back account" . We can easily say that is a materialist condition to be happy about but what if someone's mother dies or their house gets torn down in a hurricane. Is it approapriate to bae happy then? 3) If we look at the average person's life they would says sometimes they are happy other times people are sad. Someone might suggest that happiness cannot exist without sadness. Still others might argue it is best to live a life in the middle of happy and sad and be at peace (however forgoing high points and excitement in order to not also experience the low lows)
  12. Ego Death caused by Traumatic Brain Injury see TIME: 12:33
  13. yes but what about the bees? He made the Beemushroomed device in 2018. Has it since been independently verified to immunize bees to viruses?
  14. We are mere cells in the body of God not the totality of God Some homeless people remain homeless others can raise themselves out. What God intends for them you will never know Nevertheless you might be able to help them or acknowledge them and by doing so raise yourself
  15. You might be right bout this topic is also about how a limited regional nuclear war could have a disastrous effect on the whole planet
  16. The unthinkable “nuclear winter” scenario occurs when detonations of many nuclear bombs over cities create intense fireballs which loft black carbon high into the stratosphere (upper atmosphere), blocking the Sun and thus halting global plant growth thus causing mass starvation. A Pakistan - India nuclear war (or US - Russia nuclear war) would block surface sunlight 20-35% (75%), cool global surfaces 2-5C (10C), reduce precipitation 15-30% (60%), reduce Net Primary Productivity 15-30% (100%) on land; 5-15% (50%) in the oceans, and take 10-15 years to recover. India–Pakistan border skirmishes (2019) India and Pakistan have engaged in a military confrontation across the de facto border in Kashmir, a disputed region which is claimed by both countries and large parts of which are controlled by each country.[22] The heightened tensions stemmed from a suicide car bombing carried out on 14 February 2019 in which 40 Indian security personnel were killed. A Pakistan-based militant group, Jaish-e-Mohammad, claimed responsibility for the attack.[23] India blamed Pakistan for the bombing and promised a robust response.[24] India has regularly stated Pakistan was utilising militants to destabilise Indian-administered Kashmir.[25] Pakistan, however, denied any involvement in the bombing.[26] Some twelve days later, India and Pakistan conducted airstrikes against targets in each other's territory.[27] The first airstrike was conducted by India in the early morning hours of February 26 in the vicinity of the town of Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan,[28] several miles inside the province's boundary with Pakistan-administered Kashmir.[29] Pakistan's military, the first to announce the airstrike on February 26 morning,[30] described the Indian planes as dropping their payload in an uninhabited wooded hilltop area near Balakot.[31] India, confirming the airstrike later the same day, characterised it to be a preemptive strike directed against a terrorist training camp, and causing the deaths of a "large number" of terrorists.[12][32] The second airstrike, a retaliatory one,[33] was conducted during daytime on February 27 by Pakistan in a region of Indian-administered Kashmir. A dogfight during this airstrike caused an Indian MiG-21 Bison warplane to be shot down and its pilot, Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman, to be taken prisoner by the Pakistan military before being returned on March 1.[34][35] Analysis of open-source satellite imagery by the Atlantic Council's Digital Forensics Laboratory,[36] San Francisco-based Planet Labs,[37] European Space Imaging,[38] and the Australian Strategic Policy Institute,[39] has concluded that India did not hit any targets of significance on the Jaba hilltop site in the vicinity of Balakot.[40][41] On April 10, 2019, some international journalists, who were taken to the Jaba hilltop in a tightly controlled trip arranged by Pakistani government, although unable to make a knowledgeable evaluation,[42][43] found the largest building of the site to show no evidence of damage or recent rebuilding.[44][45][46][43] The fighting has continued intermittently since then.
  17. "Embodiment" is often a matter of choice after an Awakening Suppose one has an awakening experience. It might have been spontaneous out of nowhere. It might have been chemically induced. It may had bee the result of years of meditation. Regardless, an experience of absolute truth in many cases such experience does not lead to a permanent change to the way the person lives their life. In oter cases it may revolutionize a person's life, yes, but even in those cases not every aspect of the way they conduct their life is changed. If we look at one awakening experience as temporary and another type that results in a permanent change these are not the only situations. If you experience or acquire knowledge that is beneficial but still requires effort and sacrifice you may or may not choose to utilize it. If you have a temporary awakening experience you may seek to have a permanent one that forces you into a new way of living but there is another path You also have a choice. And many people who have embodied their awakening have done this. They choose to embody what began as a temporary awakening. And such choice can be made abruptly or in gradual stages rather than a type or awakening that forces or strongly compels you to embody it. But it will require intention and sacrifice or you can continue to wait